(July 23, 2025) The Emergency Department Practice Management Association (EDPMA), the nation’s only professional trade association dedicated to delivering high-quality, cost-effective care in the emergency department, supports the introduction of the No Surprises Act Enforcement Act which aims to ensure timely payment of arbitration awards under the No Surprises Act’s (NSA) Independent Dispute Resolution Process, thereby preserving the nation’s healthcare safety net.

Emergency departments are the cornerstone of our healthcare system, delivering life-saving care to anyone, at any time, regardless of insurance status or ability to pay. This bill, which reinforces the NSA’s timely reimbursement requirements, helps to ensure emergency departments, hospitals, and other critical care providers can continue delivering high-quality, accessible care without financial uncertainty, particularly in underserved and rural areas.

Limited enforcement and minimal consequences for health plans have left emergency departments and physician practices burdened by inadequate initial payments and ongoing noncompliance with independent arbitration decisions, despite legal requirements for timely payment. To ensure continued and uninterrupted access to critical care, a stable financial foundation built on sufficient, timely, and consistent reimbursement is essential, which is why EDPMA supports today’s enforcement legislation.

A bipartisan group of legislators (Rep. Greg Murphy, M.D. (R-NC), joined by Reps. Ruiz, M.D. (D-CA), Joyce, M.D. (R-PA), Panetta (D-CA), Onder M.D. (R-MO) and Schrier, M.D. (D-WA) as original cosponsors), of The No Surprises Act Enforcement Act. Sens. Marshall M.D. (R-KS) and Bennet (D-CO) simultaneously reintroduced the bill in Senate.

With this legislation, health insurance companies that fail to pay providers in a timely manner after an independent dispute resolution decision will face consequences for ignoring clear statutory obligations. The legislation is designed to reinforce the fair and balanced process that Congress provided in the original No Surprises Act.

“EDPMA fully supports the patient protections established in the No Surprises Act and welcomes this necessary step by Congress to enforce the law as intended. By ensuring fair and timely reimbursement, this bill allows emergency physicians and hospital teams to focus on what matters most, delivering high-quality patient care and improving health outcomes,” said EDPMA Chair, William Freudenthal, MD. “Independent dispute resolution outcomes have consistently confirmed that insurers are underpaying providers at unsustainable rates, putting community-based practices and patient access to care at risk. Health plans that have been exploiting the No Surprises Act will finally be held accountable.”

EDPMA applauds the introduction of this critical legislation. If enacted, it will ensure that insurance companies pay emergency physicians and their practices fairly and on time—allowing them to continue providing essential care without financial uncertainty, becoming a barrier to timely treatment. EDPMA urges both the House and Senate to swiftly advance and pass this bipartisan bill.

A new report by RAND Health Care, which promotes healthier societies by improving health care systems in the United States and other countries, finds the viability of U.S. hospital-based emergency care in peril, with increasingly complex needs and falling payments for physicians.

Federal law requires anyone who seeks care at an emergency department to be assessed and stabilized, regardless of their ability to pay. U.S. hospital emergency department visits have returned to pre-COVID levels, with 120 to 140 million visits annually.

Emergency departments are experiencing the boarding of patients in emergency department beds, increased patient visit complexity, and a significant increase in uncompensated or undercompensated care from both public and private payors. Reimbursement pressures place physician groups at financial risk, with small independent practices in even greater danger. The result is reduced access to care, extended emergency department wait times, and worse patient outcomes.

The RAND study shows Medicare and Medicaid payments to emergency department physicians fell 3.8% per visit from 2018 to 2022. Payments for commercially insured in-network patient visits dropped by 10.9%, while payments for commercial out-of-network visits dropped by 48% over the period studied.

Mahshid Abir, the report’s lead author and a senior physician policy researcher at RAND, stated:

“Urgent action is needed to sustain hospital emergency departments, which act as a safeguard for patients who use the services and communities that rely on them during a crisis. Unless these challenges are addressed, there is an increasing risk that emergency departments will close, more doctors and nurses will leave emergency medicine, and patients will face even longer waits for care.”

The study recommends policy action to ensure the availability and viability of Emergency Medicine, including:

• Shift the responsibility of collecting patient cost-sharing amounts from providers to insurers for clinical care mandated by EMTALA.
• Direct funding mechanisms that would federally fund Emergency Medicine (e.g., DSH for emergency physicians, HRSA funding to supplement EMTALA-mandated care).
• Increase allowed amounts from government payers.

In response to this study, the Emergency Department Practice Management Association (EDPMA), the nation’s only professional physician trade association focused on the delivery of high-quality, cost-effective care in the emergency department, issued the following statement:

“The Emergency Department is the only medical setting that provides care to all patients, regardless of their ability to pay, making it the critical safety net of the U.S. healthcare system. Yet, as emergency visits and severity continue to rise yearly, payments to physicians decrease, as shown by the RAND study. Without urgent and significant policy changes to support emergency medicine providers, the availability of, and access to, care will decline, wait times will increase, and patient outcomes will worsen—particularly for those in greatest need of care.”

The RAND report, which received support from the Emergency Medicine Policy Institute, is based on interviews and focus groups with emergency medicine professionals, a survey of more than 200 emergency medicine department leaders, case studies, a review of other published research, and analysis of deidentified claims data. The study was overseen by a 13-member advisory board that included emergency medicine professionals, emergency care policy experts, and other health care experts.

For more information on the RAND study, visit www.rand.org.

For EDPMA media inquiries, email Robin Applebaum or Kate Wells.

The Emergency Department Practice Management Association (EDPMA) is committed to ensuring that patients receive timely access to emergency care no matter when their emergency
happens. This commitment requires the resources necessary to deliver care in our nation’s emergency departments in a sustainable environment – in every state of our union.

Unfortunately, emergency medicine physicians and their clinical practices continue to face unprecedented financial and operational challenges as we address markedly increasing clinical
demands in a setting of well-known health care workforce shortages. The realities of stagnant and declining reimbursement are further complicated by outdated regulatory stipulations that
impose significant administrative burdens.

Click here to read the full statement.

McLean, VA – The Emergency Department Practice Management Association (EDPMA) is throwing its full support behind newly introduced legislation aimed at supporting timely provider payments by health insurance companies, in order to preserve our nation’s healthcare safety net.

EDPMA has long supported the patient protections in the No Surprises Act (NSA). However, years after the NSA’s implementation, and despite clear requirements in the law itself, health insurance companies are repeatedly failing to pay physicians within 30 days after losing in the independent dispute resolution (IDR) process provided in the law.

Today, a bipartisan group of legislators (Rep. Greg Murphy, M.D. (R-NC), joined by Reps. Ruiz, M.D. (D-CA), Joyce, M.D. (R-PA), Panetta (D-CA), and Schrier, M.D. (D-WA) as original cosponsors), introduced H.R. 9572, The No Surprises Act Enforcement Act. With this legislation, health insurance companies that fail to pay providers in a timely manner after an independent dispute resolution decision will face consequences for ignoring clear statutory obligations. The legislation is designed to reinforce the fair and balanced process that Congress provided in the original No Surprises Act.

Currently, with very limited enforcement and insufficient consequences for health plans that ignore the NSA’s requirements, physician practices continue to feel significant strain from low initial payments and later, from failure of health plans to pay the amounts fairly awarded by an independent arbiter, even though timely payment is required by law.

Since 1987, the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) federal law has required that emergency physicians provide an evaluation and stabilizing treatment for any patient that seeks medical care, regardless of their ability to pay. Under the NSA, if the insurer’s payment for out of network clinical care is inadequate, an emergency physician can dispute the low payment amount through the NSA’s Independent Dispute Resolution process.

When the independent arbiter rules in favor of the physician, the insurer is legally obligated to pay the awarded amount within 30 days. Public data indicates that approximately 80% of the time, independent arbiters have found the physician’s request to be more reasonable than the health plan’s initial payment. However, the additional amounts owed by health plans have not been paid consistently, or have not been paid at all, despite the clear requirements in the law. An April 2024 EDPMA survey about the NSA, members noted that in disputes where the provider was the prevailing party, 24% were still not paid or were paid correctly within the 30 day requirement in the law.

“With this bill, insurance companies that have been exploiting the No Surprises Act will finally be held accountable,” said EDPMA Chair Andrea Brault, MD, FACEP, MMM. “In the Independent dispute resolution process, independent arbiters have agreed that insurers are paying providers inordinately low rates a large majority of the time, which already jeopardizes community-based practices and patient access to care. We support all of the patient protections in the NSA and now, urge Congress to hold health plans accountable for their obligations under the law.”

The proposed legislation, H.R. 9572, will require health plans to pay interest and penalties on unpaid amounts due to providers under the No Surprises Act.

EDPMA urges Congress to pass this bill to ensure that insurance companies pay physicians and their practices fairly and promptly, allowing them to continue providing essential care to their patients.

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About EDPMA

The Emergency Department Practice Management Association (EDPMA) is the nation’s only professional trade association focused on the delivery of high-quality, cost-effective care in the emergency department. EDPMA’s membership includes emergency medicine physician groups of all sizes, billing, coding, and other professional support organizations that assist healthcare clinicians in our nation’s emergency departments. Together, EDPMA members see or support 60% of all annual emergency department visits in the country. www.edpma.org

Contact:

Cathey Wise, CAE EDPMA Executive Director
817.905.3310
[email protected]

Download the PDF version of this press release here.

The Emergency Department Practice Management Association released new data analyzing the impact and compliance issues of the No Surprises Act since its implementation in January 2022. Key findings include a 39% reduction in out-of-network reimbursement which suggests a significant decrease in commercial health plan reimbursement despite consistent demands on high-quality care and exacerbates existing workforce shortages and workplace strain. These dramatic declines in commercial reimbursement are occurring against the backdrop of Medicare fee schedule cuts and the lack of an inflation adjustment to the Medicare physician fee schedule. Read the press release and the study here.

The TMA III appeal concerns the Departments’ July 2021 Interim Final Rule regarding calculation of Qualifying Payment Amounts (“QPAs”), as well as payors’ disclosure obligations regarding their QPA calculations. The district court decision addressed two aspects of the July Rule.

First, the district court vacated certain provisions of the July Rule dealing with the actual calculation of the QPA: (1) the inclusion of “ghost rates” in QPAs; (2) the exclusion from the QPA of risk-sharing, bonus, and other incentive-based or retrospective payments; (3) the inclusion of out-of-specialty rates; and (4) the inclusion of other plan sponsors’ rates.  On appeal, the Departments did not challenge the district court’s vacatur of the third and fourth provisions, other than to appeal the district court’s decision to order “universal vacatur” applying to parties beyond the TMA III case. That leaves ghost rates and incentive payments at issue on this appeal.

Further, EDPMA and its members continue to advocate for HHS’ enforcement and guidance on these two vacated elements to ensure go-forward QPA calculations adhere to single specialty requirements while prohibiting TPAs from using rates from other self-funded plans they administer.  In fact, questions to ensure compliance with these elements were recently posed by U.S. House Ways & Means committee members to Secretary Becerra at a recent budget hearing.

Second, the district court disagreed with TMA and did not vacate the July Rule’s disclosure and transparency provisions for insurers regarding their calculation of the QPA. TMA is cross-appealing that portion of the district court’s ruling.

EDPMA’s amicus brief supports TMA’s position on both the Departments’ appeal and on TMA’s cross-appeal.

First, EDPMA argues that the July Rule’s provisions regarding calculation of the QPA are contrary to the unambiguous language and legislative intent of the No Surprises Act (“NSA”). The intent of the NSA was not only to protect patients from “surprise” medical bills, but also to ensure fair and reasonable reimbursement rates to out-of-network physicians. The challenged provisions of the July Rule regarding calculation of QPAs skew the QPA unfairly downward and result in significantly below-market rates for physicians.

Second, EDPMA argues that the district court erroneously declined to vacate the July Rule’s insurer disclosure obligations. The July Rule fails to require insurers to provide basic, material information to physicians that would enable them to evaluate the QPA and make informed decisions about the offers they should submit in the IDR process, or even whether to invoke IDR at all.

Third, in addition to the legal arguments noted above, EDPMA informs the Court about the real-world consequences of the Departments’ implementation of the NSA. In so doing, EDPMA relies on a variety of reports and studies of the NSA and the IDR process, including some truly outstanding work done by EDPMA.

For example, an EDPMA study, among others, show that out-of-network reimbursements to emergency physicians have actually decreased since implementation of the NSA 92% of the time, with an average decrease in payment of more than 32% for each emergency room visit.  Moreover, the significantly below-market QPAs as calculated by insurers have resulted in enormous backlogs in the IDR process, resulting in further delays in payments to physicians. EDPMA also describes how the July Rule’s weak disclosure and transparency obligations of insurers regarding their calculation of the QPA have left physicians in the dark about the process.

The Departments have done little to enforce those disclosure obligations or to audit the IDR process. EDPMA also describes how the Departments’ implementation of the NSA has resulted in a dramatic contraction of provider networks―directly contrary to the intent of Congress. Insurers have been emboldened by the Departments’ regulations and have terminated longstanding network agreements or forced physicians to accept substantial discounts from their contracted rates. Thus, contrary to the Departments’ assertions that it is the “business model” of emergency medicine groups to “remain out of network,” it is insurers that have been forcing physicians out of network. The brief also notes that while physicians generally have been adversely affected by the Departments’ rules, emergency physicians have been particularly affected by them, especially given their obligations under EMTALA to treat all emergency room patients, regardless of their insurance status or ability to pay.

Perhaps most important, EDPMA’s brief is not limited to describing the harm to physicians from inadequate reimbursement.  The brief also demonstrates that the Departments’ rules adversely affect patients and have exacerbated the existing crisis in the emergency medicine delivery system. The burden of shouldering uncompensated and undercompensated care has resulted in the closing of emergency rooms or the downgrading of services, thereby potentially crippling the nation’s healthcare safety net, particularly in rural and underserved areas. The Departments’ implementation of the NSA will serve only to worsen this situation. Read Here.

On Friday October 6^th, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced new guidance in response to the August ruling in Texas Medical Association v. United States Department of Health and Human Services (“TMA III”) that vacated several provisions of the existing No Surprises Act (NSA) regulations. Our organizations are strongly opposed to this newest guidance, which further broadens the already significant discretion health plans had on how they may calculate qualifying payment amounts (QPAs) under the NSA’s original implementation.  In the announcement, the Departments state that no additional guidance is expected to be provided to health plans about how to calculate the QPA, and instead, simply leaves insurers the discretion to calculate QPAs using their own “good faith” interpretation of the TMA III ruling and remaining regulations. Read more.

As the No Surprises Act’s Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) portal surpasses the 8-week mark since its halt of full operations for the filing of new IDRs, the American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Radiology, American Society for Anesthesiology, the Emergency Department Practice Management Association, and Radiology Business Management Association together urged the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to reopen the national portal. Read More.

On September 18, EDPMA filed an amicus brief in the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in support of the challenge by the Texas Medical Association to a provision of the Final Regulation of the Department of Health and Human Services under the No Surprises Act (“NSA”).  The challenged provision implicitly calls upon Independent Dispute Resolution (“IDR”) entities to give paramount importance to the Qualifying Payment Amount (“QPA”) in the IDR process under the NSA. Our brief explains why the district court was correct in concluding that the provision wrongly tilts that process in favor of insurers — and is contrary both to the language of the NSA and to the congressional goal of assuring fair payment to out-of-network physicians.

Our brief highlights the problems caused by the challenged provision for emergency physicians and for patients. It provides factual support, based in part on EDPMA studies, that insurers’ manipulation of the QPA has adversely affected not only out-of-network payments, but in-network payments as well.  It stresses that, in light of EMTALA and other factors, the challenged provision would be particularly harmful for the delivery of emergency medical care to patients.

The issues in the case are still being briefed, and we don’t know when the Court of Appeals is likely to issue a ruling.  But we have taken a strong stand in support of our members and the patients we serve.  See the EDPMA brief here.

As of Tuesday, August 29th, the Federal IDR portal remains closed to initiation of new disputes. The portal has been closed to new disputes since August 3, 2023, after a court ruling vacated the 2023 administrative fee of $350 as well as one of the batching requirements. Read More.